Citation attribution patterns vary across AI platforms. Perplexity provides explicit numbered citations with hyperlinks. ChatGPT may cite sources within text or in a sources panel. Google AI Overview shows source links in expanded views. Apple Intelligence and Gemini have varying attribution approaches.
Tracking citation attribution requires monitoring each AI platform's citation interface separately. The IEO Engine measurement framework documents citation events across all major platforms — including platforms where attribution is invisible to users but identifiable through gate log analysis of crawler retrieval patterns.